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1. Resisted Shoulder Abduction: Test Target: Deltoid或Supraspinatus
可以用下列方式再加以區別
1. Resisted Horizontal Abduction: 測 anterior deltoid.
2. Resisted Horizontal Extension:測 posterior deltoid.
3. Empty Can Test: 測Supraspinatus (主要是1.tenoperiosteal insertion of greater tuberosity或2. musculotendinous junction at the area)
2. Resisted Shoulder Adduction
(在執行resisted Abduction時要注意transmitted stress phenomemon, transmitted stress:指isometric testing時stress和pain會發生在原來認定的組織以外)
Test Target: Adductor Muscles (Pectoralis major, Latissmus Dorsi, Teres Major, Teres Minor; 通常可依location of pain來區別), 另外因為transimmited stress phenomenon會有可能testing Long head of biceps或AC joint Sprain.
3. Resisted shoulder Internal Rotation:
Test Target: Subscapularis, Pectoralis major, Latissmus Dorsi, Teres Major (後三者為adductors已於resisted adduction討論過).
1.Subscapularis主要之tendonopathy主要發生在tenoperiosteal area.
4. Resisted Shoulder External Rotation
5. Resisted Shoulder Extension
Test Target: Latissmus Dorsi, Teres Major, Teres Minor(疼痛主要是在posteriolateral thorax和axilla);
而可以再利用resisted trunk sidebending或scapular depression來測Latissmus Dorsi作一區別
7. Resisted Elbow Extension:
Test Target: Triceps為主
2. Resisted Shoulder Adduction(在執行resisted Abduction時要注意transmitted stress phenomemon, transmitted stress:指isometric testing時stress和pain會發生在原來認定的組織以外)
Test Target: Adductor Muscles (Pectoralis major, Latissmus Dorsi, Teres Major, Teres Minor; 通常可依location of pain來區別), 另外因為transimmited stress phenomenon會有可能testing Long head of biceps或AC joint Sprain.
其中的區別方式為
1. Resisted Horizontal Adduction with Arm Forward:測 Pectoralis Major (疼痛主要是在 anterior chest)
1. Resisted Horizontal Adduction with Arm Forward:測 Pectoralis Major (疼痛主要是在 anterior chest)
2. Passive Horizontal Adduction(且pain 侷限在C4之Dermatome): 測AC Joint Sprain
3. Resisted Adduction + Resisted Elbow Flexion: 測Long head of biceps
3. Resisted shoulder Internal Rotation:Test Target: Subscapularis, Pectoralis major, Latissmus Dorsi, Teres Major (後三者為adductors已於resisted adduction討論過).
1.Subscapularis主要之tendonopathy主要發生在tenoperiosteal area.
4. Resisted Shoulder External RotationTest Target: Infraspinatus and Teres Minor
(Teres Minor同時也作adduction可鑑別)5. Resisted Shoulder ExtensionTest Target: Latissmus Dorsi, Teres Major, Teres Minor(疼痛主要是在posteriolateral thorax和axilla);
而可以再利用resisted trunk sidebending或scapular depression來測Latissmus Dorsi作一區別
6. Resisted Elbow Flexion:
Test Target: Biceps 或Brachialis (Brachialis通常不會引起shoulder pain其pain在elbow較多)7. Resisted Elbow Extension:
Test Target: Triceps為主
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